{"id":656,"date":"2014-01-12T17:26:50","date_gmt":"2014-01-12T17:26:50","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/beheshti.org\/tr\/?p=656"},"modified":"2014-01-12T17:26:50","modified_gmt":"2014-01-12T17:26:50","slug":"asura-uzerine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/beheshti.org\/tr\/?p=656","title":{"rendered":"A\u015fura \u00dczerine"},"content":{"rendered":"

Yar\u0131m as\u0131r \u00f6nce \u0130ran \u0130slam \u0130nk\u0131l\u00e2b\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli siyasi ve fikri liderlerinden Ayetullah Mutahhari, Behi\u015fti, Talegani ve Ayeti Hz. \u0130mam H\u00fcseyin as. \u0131n Kerbela k\u0131yam\u0131n\u0131 ve A\u015fura hareketini konu alan bir kitap kaleme alarak, A\u015fura’n\u0131n muhtelif konulardaki felsefesini, hikmet ve sebeplerini a\u00e7\u0131klamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. “A\u015fura \u00dczerine” kitab\u0131 Ayetullah \u015eehid Murtaza Mutahhari, Ayetullah \u015eehid Muhammed H\u00fcseyin Behi\u015fti, Rahmetli Ayetullah Mahmud Talegani ve Rahmetli Dr. Ayeti taraf\u0131ndan Hicri-i Kameri 8 ila 13 Muharrem 1382 tarihinde M\u00fchendisler \u0130slam Cemiyeti \u00fcyelerine hitaben yap\u0131lan konu\u015fmalar\u0131n kaleme al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f halidir. Bu makaleler daha sonra bir kitap haline getirtilerek yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"goftare<\/a>Milli m\u00fccadelenin yenilgiyle sonu\u00e7land\u0131\u011f\u0131 19 A\u011fustos 1954 sonras\u0131 olu\u015fan olumsuz bir atmosfer i\u00e7inde yap\u0131lan bu vaazlarda, m\u00fccadele ve ruhunun toplumda olu\u015fturulmas\u0131, inanan kitlelerin hak ve hakikati savunmak i\u00e7in sahneye gelmesini, zul\u00fcm, fesat, ahlaks\u0131z ve adaletsizli\u011fin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 ama\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

“Hz. \u0130mam H\u00fcseyin as. \u0131 k\u0131yama iten sebepler” ve “\u0130mam H\u00fcseyin as’\u0131n k\u0131yam\u0131n\u0131n hedefleri” rahmetli Dr. \u0130brahim Ayeti’nin yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu iki konu\u015fman\u0131n yaz\u0131ya d\u00f6k\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f halidir. Dr. Ayet bu konu\u015fmalar\u0131nda A\u015fura k\u0131yam\u0131na sebep olan \u015fartlar\u0131 irdeleyerek, zul\u00fcm, bidat ve tahrif d\u00f6nemlerinde halk k\u0131yam\u0131n\u0131n ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmekte ve “H\u00fcseyin bin Ali as. derin bir k\u0131yam, sert bir k\u0131yam, ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc ve kanl\u0131 bir hareketin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda Hz. Ali as. Ve \u0130mam Hasan as. \u0131n ba\u015flatm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu hareketin sonu\u00e7land\u0131r\u0131lmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve kesin bir neticeye varamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ok iyi biliyordu” ifadesini kullanmakta.<\/p>\n

Emevi saltanat\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7ine s\u00fcr\u00fcklendi\u011fi fesat, yolsuzluk ve zulm\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131klayan rahmetli Dr. Ayeti, \u0130slam toplumunun b\u00f6yle bir durumdan tek kurtulu\u015f yolu ve tek \u00e7\u0131kar yolunun H\u00fcseyin bin Ali as. Gibi \u015fahsiyetlerin \u015fehid olmas\u0131nda g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc, bunun i\u00e7in de Kerbela k\u0131yam\u0131n\u0131n vuku alt yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturmaya koyuldu\u011funu belirterek \u0130mam H\u00fcseyin as. \u0131n, bilin\u00e7li ve \u015fuurlu olarak b\u00f6yle bir hareketi ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve Kerbela vadisine ad\u0131m atarak A\u015fura hamasetini ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildirmektedir.<\/p>\n

Ayetullah Mutahhari ise “Hitabe ve Minber” etraf\u0131nda var olan teorik konular\u0131 g\u00fcndemine ta\u015f\u0131yarak, hitabenin tarihi rol\u00fc ve onun \u0130slam ile olan ba\u011f\u0131 ve \u0130slam’\u0131n hitabede olu\u015fturdu\u011fu de\u011fi\u015fimi a\u00e7\u0131klamakta, Hitabenin hamasi, sava\u015f, politik, sosyal, ahlaki vs. gibi t\u00fcrevlerini s\u0131ralayarak meseleyi A\u015fura k\u0131yam\u0131nda Hz. \u0130mam H\u00fcseyin as. Taraf\u0131ndan dile getirtilen de\u011ferli hitabeleri muhataplar\u0131na aktarmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u015eehid Mutahhari teorik meseleleri a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131ktan sonra Hz. \u0130mam H\u00fcseyin as.\u0131n hitabelerinin muhtevas\u0131 ve i\u00e7eri\u011fini incelemeye ba\u015flayarak, bu hitabelerden baz\u0131 kesitleri \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131kararak A\u015fura k\u0131yam\u0131n\u0131n felsefe ve hikmetini, hedeflerini a\u00e7\u0131klamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ayetullah Mutahhari konu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde bu hususta \u015f\u00f6yle diyor: \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda \u00f6yle bir durum ve vaziyet ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ki \u0130mam H\u00fcseyin as. K\u0131yam etmeyi kendisi i\u00e7in gerekli bir vazife olarak g\u00f6rmekteydi. \u0130slam’\u0131n ancak kendi k\u0131yam\u0131yla korunabilece\u011fine inan\u0131yordu. Onun k\u0131yam\u0131 (da) akide u\u011frunda bir k\u0131yamd\u0131. Davas\u0131, “sen git de ben senin yerine geleyim” u\u011fruna verilmi\u015f bir dava de\u011fildi, temel Saiklere dayal\u0131 k\u00f6ktenci bir davayd\u0131. Yezid’den ba\u015fka birisi olsayd\u0131 ve Yezid’in yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n ayn\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 yapacak olsayd\u0131 \u0130mam H\u00fcseyin as. Yine k\u0131yam ederdi. Bu \u015fahs\u0131n \u0130mam H\u00fcseyin sa.e kar\u015f\u0131 iyi davranmas\u0131 veya k\u00f6t\u00fc davranmas\u0131 durumu de\u011fi\u015ftirmezdi\u2026.”<\/p>\n

\u015eehid Mutahhari konu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n bir ba\u015fka b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde ise \u0130mam H\u00fcseyin as.\u0131n sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131 bizzat o hazretin kendi hitabe ve konu\u015fmalar\u0131ndan yararlanarak hakk\u0131n bat\u0131la kar\u015f\u0131 verdi\u011fi bir sava\u015f nitelemekte ve bu hususta yanl\u0131\u015f alg\u0131lama ve yorumlardan kesinlikle ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini tavsiye etmekte ve Kerbela k\u0131yam\u0131 ile ilgili s\u00f6ylenin nice tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f veya tan\u0131nmam\u0131\u015f \u015fairlerden \u00f6vg\u00fcyle s\u00f6z ederken muhte\u015fem gibi \u015fairlerin bu husustaki \u015fiirlerini de ele\u015ftirmektedir.<\/p>\n

“Cihad ve \u015eehadet” ise rahmetli Ayetullah Mahmud Talegani’nin bu kitapta yer alan konu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n ana ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturuyor. Ayetullah Talegani’nin ad\u0131 bu kitapta m\u00fcstear olarak “Musevi” ismiyle zikredilmektedir.<\/p>\n

Ayetullah Talegani, Cihad’\u0131n \u0130slam’\u0131n \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli meselelerinden biri oldu\u011funu belirterek, Cihad’\u0131 “Tehacumi” ve “Tedafui” yani sald\u0131r\u0131 ama\u00e7l\u0131 ve savunma ama\u00e7l\u0131 cihad olmak \u00fczere ikiye ay\u0131rarak bunun temelinin f\u0131trata dayal\u0131 oldu\u011funu belirterek bu hususta Kur’an\u0131 Kerim ayetlerinden \u00f6rnekler vererek konu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 zenginle\u015ftirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Konu\u015fman\u0131n devam\u0131nda Ayetullah Talegani, g\u00fcncel meseleleri a\u00e7\u0131klayarak, ilk \u00f6nce Filistin topraklar\u0131n\u0131n kurtar\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in cihad meselesinin \u00f6nemini belirtmekte ve ard\u0131ndan ta\u011fut ve ta\u011futilere kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadelenin m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar i\u00e7in farz oldu\u011funu beyan etmektedir.<\/p>\n

Ayetullah Talegani, ta\u011futla ilgili \u00f6rnekler vererek, \u0130slami talim \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda insan hayat\u0131n\u0131n, Allah’a kar\u015f\u0131 kulluk, ubudiyet, Hakk ve hakikate teslim olmakla i\u00e7 i\u00e7e oldu\u011funu belirtiyor ve tevhidi hayat kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, hak ve hakikat \u00f6n\u00fcnde her hangi bir engel ve sorunun \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 durumunda “Cihad”\u0131n zaruri oldu\u011funu belirtmektedir.<\/p>\n

Daha sonra “Cihad”\u0131 a\u015famalara b\u00f6lerek mevzuuyu A\u015fura meselesine getirmekte ve Allah yolunda, Fi Sebilillah u\u011frunda verilecek cihad’\u0131 beyan ederek, \u0130mam H\u00fcseyin (as) ile Yezid cephesini, \u00f6zelliklerini beyan etmekte ve Allah u\u011frunda m\u00fccadele veren ve nihayetinde \u015fehadet makam\u0131na eren m\u00fccahit i\u00e7in bir tak\u0131m \u00f6zellikler s\u0131ralamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

“Muzaffer M\u00fccadeleci” Ayetullah \u015eehid Dr. Behi\u015fti’nin konu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n ana ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r ki bu ba\u015fl\u0131k bizzat onun kendisi taraf\u0131ndan se\u00e7ilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Bu konu\u015fma’da \u015eehid Behi\u015fti, insan yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131nda m\u00fccadele ruhunun f\u0131tri olmas\u0131yla ilgili teorik g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri a\u00e7\u0131klayarak \u015f\u00f6yle diyor:<\/p>\n

– Fert veya toplumun ya\u015fam\u0131nda m\u00fccadele namusu, ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz bir meseledir. Bu kanun kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, bu d\u0131\u015f cebir ve zaruret kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, kaderimiz olan bu m\u00fccadeleyle ilgili bizlerin, kendimize en yararl\u0131 olan hususu se\u00e7erek, sava\u015f ve m\u00fccadele hayat\u0131na atanmam\u0131z ise \u00e7ok daha do\u011fru ve yerinde olacakt\u0131r elbette. Ancak \u015ferefli bir m\u00fccadele, muzaffer bir m\u00fccadele, yararl\u0131, co\u015fku olu\u015fturucu bir m\u00fccadele, dinamik ve hedef do\u011frultusun olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ayetullah behi\u015fti konu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n devam\u0131nda \u201cmuzaffer m\u00fccadele\u201dnin \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klayarak, belli, kesin, kat\u2019i ve a\u00e7\u0131k bir hedefin var olmas\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fccadele i\u00e7in gerekli oldu\u011funu hat\u0131rlatarak, m\u00fccadelenin amac\u0131n\u0131n ulvi, y\u00fcce ve de\u011ferli olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini, i\u015fin i\u00e7inde \u00f6lmek ve can\u0131 feda etmek s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda da ki\u015finin aya\u011f\u0131n\u0131n titrememesi ve kaymamas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n

Allah r\u0131zas\u0131n\u0131n en ulvi ve kutsal hedef oldu\u011funu belirten Ayetullah Behi\u015fti, \u201cm\u00fccadele veren ki\u015fi, direni\u015f ve amel adam\u0131 olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Nitekim vahdet mektebi mensuplar\u0131 ve tek Allah\u2019a inanlar bu \u00f6zelli\u011fe sahiptirler. Asr\u0131 saadet d\u00f6neminden bu ki\u015filerle ilgili bir \u00e7ok \u00f6rnek vermek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn\u201d ifadesini kullanmakta.<\/p>\n

M\u00fccadele metodunun \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funu ve m\u00fccadelenin sahih bir y\u00f6ntem \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmesi gerekti\u011fini belirten \u015eehid Behi\u015fti, m\u00fccadeleyi, ferdi ve toplu, aleni ve gizli, \u015fiddetsiz ve \u015fiddetli, silahl\u0131 ve silahs\u0131z gibi hususlara ay\u0131rt etmektedir.<\/p>\n

Bu durumun \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funu ve halklar\u0131n baz\u0131 m\u00fccadelelerini yenilgiyle sonu\u00e7lanmas\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fccadele metodunun yanl\u0131\u015f se\u00e7ilmesinden kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirten Ayetullah Behi\u015fti m\u00fccadele ve \u00f6zellikleriyle ilgili bu giri\u015f ard\u0131ndan Kerbela k\u0131yam\u0131n\u0131 ele almakta ve Emevi y\u00f6neticilerinin simas\u0131n\u0131, y\u00f6netim tarzlar\u0131n\u0131 ve K\u00fbfe halk\u0131n\u0131n konumunu a\u00e7\u0131klayarak, K\u00fbfe halk\u0131n\u0131n ilk \u00f6nce Hz. \u0130mam H\u00fcseyin as\u2019\u0131 davet etmesinin do\u011fal bir mesele oldu\u011funu ve hareketin ba\u015f\u0131nda \u0130mam H\u00fcseyin as. \u0130le K\u00fbfe halk\u0131n\u0131n ama\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n farkl\u0131 oldu\u011funu belirtmektedir.<\/p>\n

Ayetullah \u015eehid Behi\u015fti a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan K\u00fbfe halk\u0131n\u0131n esas hedefinin Yezid gibi bir y\u00f6neticinin de\u011fi\u015fmesi oldu\u011funu ancak Hz. \u0130mam H\u00fcseyin as. A\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan m\u00fccadelede as\u0131l amac\u0131n, \u201cHakk\u2019\u0131n itilas\u0131\u201d ve ceddi \u201cMuhammed\u2019in dininin berkarar olmas\u0131\u201d, hakk\u0131n bat\u0131ldan ayr\u0131t edilmesi oldu\u011funu, bu u\u011furda iktidar\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irmesi veya ge\u00e7irmemesinin, muzaffer olmas\u0131 veya olmamas\u0131n\u0131n hi\u00e7bir \u00f6neminin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 , \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc as\u0131l amac\u0131n Allah Taala\u2019n\u0131n r\u0131zas\u0131n\u0131 kazanmak, zul\u00fcm ve bat\u0131la kar\u015f\u0131 cihad vazifesini yerine getirmek oldu\u011funu, bunun i\u00e7in de kendi hedef, inan\u00e7 ve mesuliyet duygusunda g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc, iradeli ve g\u00fcvenilir ki\u015filerden yararland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmektedir.<\/p>\n

Ayetullah Behi\u015fti konu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n bir ba\u015fka b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde ise Hz. \u0130mam H\u00fcseyin as.\u0131n Kerbela k\u0131yam\u0131 sayesinde olu\u015fturdu\u011fu de\u011ferleri hat\u0131rlatarak \u0130mam H\u00fcseyin sa.in A\u015fura k\u0131yam\u0131n\u0131n ebedi ve daimi kalmas\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131rr\u0131n\u0131n, bu k\u0131yam\u0131n ahlaki ve tevhidi ilkeler ve de\u011ferlere dayal\u0131 olmas\u0131na dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemektedir.<\/p>\n

Ayetullah \u015eehid Behi\u015fti\u2019nin, A\u015fura k\u0131yam\u0131n\u0131n felsefesini konu ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cMuzaffer M\u00fccadele\u201d isimli konu\u015fmas\u0131 di\u011fer birka\u00e7 konu\u015fmas\u0131yla birlikte Almanya\u2019n\u0131n Hamburg \u0130slam merkezinde yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olup, bu konu\u015fmalar ayn\u0131 ad alt\u0131nda Ayetullah \u015eehid Behi\u015fti Eserlerini ve D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerini Yay\u0131nlama vakf\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan kitap haline getirtilmi\u015f ve yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Yar\u0131m as\u0131r \u00f6nce \u0130ran \u0130slam \u0130nk\u0131l\u00e2b\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli siyasi ve fikri liderlerinden Ayetullah Mutahhari, Behi\u015fti, Talegani ve Ayeti Hz. \u0130mam H\u00fcseyin as. \u0131n Kerbela k\u0131yam\u0131n\u0131 ve A\u015fura hareketini konu alan bir kitap kaleme alarak, A\u015fura’n\u0131n muhtelif konulardaki felsefesini, hikmet ve sebeplerini a\u00e7\u0131klamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. “A\u015fura \u00dczerine” kitab\u0131 Ayetullah \u015eehid Murtaza Mutahhari, Ayetullah \u015eehid Muhammed H\u00fcseyin Behi\u015fti, Rahmetli […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,6,2,7,10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-656","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-naghd","category-news","category-articles","category-books","category-slider"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/beheshti.org\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/656","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/beheshti.org\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/beheshti.org\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/beheshti.org\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/beheshti.org\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=656"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/beheshti.org\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/656\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":658,"href":"https:\/\/beheshti.org\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/656\/revisions\/658"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/beheshti.org\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=656"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/beheshti.org\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=656"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/beheshti.org\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=656"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}